Al-Kawthar or Al-AHQAFINA (Arabic: ْاَلْكَوْثَر, "Abundance") is the 108th and shortest chapter (surah) of the Quran. This surah is positioned in Para 30 which is also known as Juz Amma (Juz' 30). There are several different opinions as the timing and contextual background of its supposed revelation (asbab al-nuzul). According to Ibn Ishaq, it is an earlier "Meccan / Makki surah", which is believed to have been revealed in Makkah, sometime before the Isra (Bani Iarael) and Miraj.
Hadith / Hadees:
The first and foremost exegesis / tafsir of the Qur'an is found in hadis of Muhammad (pbuh). Although scholars including ibn Taymiyyah claim that Muhammad (pbuh) has commented on the whole of the Qur'an, others including Ghazali cite the limited amount of narratives, thus indicating that he has commented only on a portion of the Al-Quran. Hades (حديث) is literally "speech" or "report", that is a recorded saying or tradition of Muhammad (pbuh) validated by isnad; with Sirah Rasul Allah these comprise the sunnah and reveal shariah. According to Aishah, the life of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was practical implementation of Qur'an (Koran / Mushaf). Therefore, higher count of hadith elevates the importance of the pertinent surah from a certain perspective. This surah was held in special esteem in hadith, which can be observed by these related narratives.
Imam Ahmad recorded from Anas bin Malik that a man said, "O Messenger of Allah! What is Al-Kawthar He replied: (It is a river in Paradise which my Lord has given me. It is whiter than milk and sweeter than honey. There are birds in it whose necks are (long) like carrots.) `Umar said, "O Messenger of Allah! Verily, they (the birds) will be beautiful. The Prophet replied,(The one who eats them (i.e., the people of Paradise) will be more beautiful than them, O `Umar.)
Narrated Anas bin Malik : The Prophet said: While I was walking in Paradise (on the night of Mi'raj), I saw a river, on the two banks of which there were tents made of hollow pearls. I asked, "What is this, O Gabriel?' He said, 'That is the Kauthar which Your Lord has given to you.' Behold! Its scent or its mud was sharp smelling musk!" (The sub-narrator, Hudba is in doubt as to the correct expression.)
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas : The word 'Al-Kauthar' means the abundant good which Allah gave to him (the Prophet Muhammad). Abu Bishr said: I said to Sa'id ibn Jubayr, "Some people claim that it (Al Kauser) is a river in Paradise." Sa`ibn Jubayr, replied, "The river that is in Paradise is one item of that good which Allah has bestowed upon him (Muhammad)."
Narrated Abu ʿUbaidah : I asked 'Aisha 'regarding the verse:--'Verily we have granted you the Kauthar.' She replied, "The Kauthar is a river which has been given to your Prophet on the banks of which there are (tents of) hollow pearls and its utensils are as numberless as the stars."
Narrated Uqbah ibn Amir : One day the Prophet went out and offered the funeral prayers of the martyrs of Uhud and then went up the pulpit and said, "I will pave the way for you as your predecessor and will be a witness on you. By Allah! I see my Fount (Kauthar) just now and I have been given the keys of all the treasures of the earth (or the keys of the earth). By Allah! I am not afraid that you will worship others along with Allah after my death, but I am afraid that you will fight with one another for the worldly things."
Narrated Anas bin Malik : The Prophet said to the Ansar, "After me, you will see others given preference to you; so be patient till you meet me, and your promised place (of the meeting) will be the Tank (i.e. Lake of Kauthar)."
المصحف المعلم جزء 30 سورة الكــــوثر ترتيب السورة فى المصحف (108) عدد آياتها (3
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